Donoso And Beckett: Two Versions Of Me In Emergency

After making a first unsystematic and systematic reading later in the trilogy of novels by Samuel Beckett Molloy, Malone Dies and The Unnamable (Gove Press. New York, 1955, 1956, 1958) and the novel by Jose Donoso's The Obscene Bird night (Seix Barral, Spain, 1970), this reader found that the significant main core of both productions was that of identity as a problem. But despite this version of 'I' in an emergency, the basic conception of identity, perhaps implicitly, was opposed to both authors.

For example it is hard not to think about the Dopey / Humberto Penaloza Donoso's novel, in its endless quest for identity if we hear the Nameless, on the novel by Irish author and closes the cycle of the trilogy of novels mentioned above.

"I am not, needless to say, Murphy, or Watts, or Mercier, no - I can not even encourage me to name them, or any of the others whose very names I forget, I said I was them who had try to be them, by compulsion or fear, or to avoid recognizing "(The Unnamed, in Three Novels by Samuel Beckett, Grove Press, New York, 1965, p. 326. Translation mine).

This corresponds uncertain individuality in the physical office a marginal character type:

"Molloy et ces deux Malone dies ... Derniers roimans jeu mettent in their themes, a l'auteur chers, the dereliction, the solitude et de l'egarement." Said Dominique Leduc in Samuel Beckett, Hatier, Brussels, 1986, p.12

Beckett's characters More Pricks Than Kicks from (1934) and Murphy (1934) to How It Is (1961), are, if we use a trial impression, tramps, hobos, clochards, reduced to a minimum physically and mentally limping, whose main activity is ongoing and continuous speech, speculation, the inventory of their 'possessions' material and psychological, basically at the level of awareness and they are materially reduced the margins of social life. The reader of the Obscene Bird of Night on the other hand it's easy to bring these figures and described a number of characters in the novel and especially those who coalesced around the figure of 'imbunche', notably the 'mute' or old ex-bred people of the House of Spiritual Exercises of the Incarnation of Chimba. Fringe are also monsters of the Hacienda La Rinconada, artificial world Azcoitias Jerome around your child develops Monster, the figure of Beatrice, aristocratic woman endowed with a deformed body and Dr. Azula, mundane and monstrous. The above imbunche does not really represent a character in Donoso's novel, but rather an extreme state in the evolution or involution of the character Humberto Penaloza / mute.

The language of both works is highly singled out, being in the case of Donoso not always the same, having more realistic works before and after the Obscene. In the case of Beckett spacers traits are more equal throughout the length and breadth of its production. In the work of both authors considered as read, it operates a strong distancing as a result of various processes of singling out, which attaches great importance to the discourse in the shaping of the work. While the language is somewhat realistic in the novel the solid reality of the world 'bourgeois', both discourses are not suit-realistic content and message that we presented a case to the bourgeois world and consciousness (modern) carried to its limit (Beckett) or a state prior to its inception (Donoso).

Developed Donoso's novel would seem pre-bourgeois, and somehow premodern. Vestigial bourgeois modernist novels would be in extremis in the case of Beckett, in which the world seems to dissolve and even the physicality of the characters is decanted to leave the res cogitans duality reduced to a minimum, that consciousness is thematized inabolible itself or its representations of reality, mediated by discourse.

The view taken by the narrator in both productions is that of a narrator character, exists in both cases a strong presence of the narrators speech or characters, which is assumed in the reading of Beckett's novels as dominant, especially in The Unnamable. It is also found in both works an apparent contradiction between, might call physical shell of the characters and their personal attitude to themselves and the world. Marginal-minded and intellectual attitude. The size of the narrator is overdetermined in this way in the compound narrator / character in both cases.

In both productions, the dimension of power is not significant. The inactivity of the various narrators characters of the novels of Irish writer opposed to the frenetic activity and permutations of the main character in the novel Donoso, but activity in both cases is not an act or practice. The activity in the case of the hero of The Obscene Bird of Night is held in a horizontal level.

If we take the 'degradation' present in both productions, we see that in Beckett's work set the world gradient in a homogeneous, appearing primarily on two levels: the obvious and immediate of the narrator / character and free and abstraction of the world through from the perspective of the former. It seems that the degradation of the hero had been made in a distant time before the character was vestigial: Molloy opens with the semi-invalid character in his bed and without a precise knowledge of their current circumstances and history.

Donoso's novel degradation occurs sometime after the reading start to materialize by the accumulation of negative indicators about human beings, the inmates at the Retreat House. In general, the space appears singled out in degraded form as in Beckett (despite the suggestion of the existence of chaos as one component of the world 'natural), but degradation primarily affects the human world.

The filing will mute gradually. Break identity and depersonification been felt already in the p. 27 "... smiles angelically you, winks at me and I winked the little mute." On p. 30 is explicit that set the state of man:

"... You and me and the old old living and dead and we are all involved in these packages that you demand that mean something because you respect human beings ...".

The degradation presupposes a previous state undegraded in the horizon of expectations, not having to be explicit. In the case of Beckett refers to a condition lacking unless:

"It was a little chambermaid. It wasn'ta true love. The true Love Was In Another ... Sometimes It Seems To Me That I Knew Even my son, That I help him ... I Have forgotten how to spell too, and half of the world "(Molloy, p. 7).

This degradation diachronic very tenuous budget appears to be reading the trilogy. Molloy, Malone Dies and The Unnamable can be seen as progressive in the development series of the same type of character. No increase in physical dispossession of these characters. Molloy and Malone appear in the discursive space of the Unmentionable.

But the condition / status of imbuche does not seem to represent a human remains but a seed to be. In a critical reading (a little against the horizon of expectations 'natural') the need for the fullness above does not appear necessarily. The founding event of the genesis of the blessed / witch includes negative elements identical to its later manifestations and equally ambiguous. In both productions, linear time yet have the force of a cycle time that comes in the Irish author to an almost cancellation of the time "Where now? Who now? When now?" The Unnamed opens (The Unnamable).

Humberto Penaloza appears to be lacking since its inception, as it lacks the mark of social identity / ontology. Even imitation (metaphorical) is aborted by the recognition of the impossibility in the same intent: "... I would never be able to become truly a gentleman" (p.100). subtract the desire for identification, conversion in the other:

Then, looking at you, Don Jerome, a hunger gap opened by me and wanted to escape my body ... to join the body of the man who was passing, be part of it if only their shadow ... not only had it all but it was all kept walking ... just because we could not stay standing there, watching him forever, that's what he (the father) and I wanted "(pp. 104-105)

It's almost a mystical experience frustrated.

In Beckett's novels the problem of identity, at least insofar as consciousness does not arise. If in terms of physical neediness and individuality: Molloy thinks that is being transformed into his mother's personality assumes Moran Molloy. But the focal point that gives the world is strong, although pure speech. The Unnamable expressed almost at the end "... you must say words, as long as There are any, Until They Find Me, Until They say me .." (P.414). Degradation occurs at the level of the composite material part of consciousness / matter, res cogitans / rex extensive, body / spirit, in itself / for itself. Perhaps in the permanence of the consciousness as entelechy is the value of such a consciousness devoid of object. In an absurd universe remains the only reality is consciousness. That would be the 'humanism' of Beckett.

In both cases we find storytellers characters to a minimum human existence, which would not constitute a de-gradation in the case of Donoso's novel, because in this universe of degradation that occurs as a native state prior to the constitution full and sufficient human individual and social, can be considered as a pre-grading, pre-acquisition state of the elements essential to the existence of a human body improve or degrade. The social hierarchy, as well as imposed from outside, objectifying the subject, acquires ontological defining trim. Reified social structure appears, ontologized, accepts or prevents access to be even before the origin of the individual, to approach securities depositories use mediators: using the person-Giant's costume, the character manipulates Dopey version Iris (Broadway Panther) to make having a child with Don Geronimo

Within modernism, these novels problematizarían the condition or status of the self with extreme characters.

The Self as a unit and individual Donoso be manifested in the multiplication of perspectives that takes the narrator, without the characters through which expresses lose their functional specificity, and without the central perspective of the narrator / main character is deleted;

"As I let out very often, Iris soon became a great clientele in the neighborhood. I hid inside the Ford to see her make love to me, screaming with pleasure, rolling his eyes, laughing, caressing my cheek, rolling in my eyes "(p.96).

It is problematized in this novel there is a monadic individual, a 'person', individuality masked because there is a "substrate" individual unique. There is an underlying essence is not the person but a process of incarnations. We are rather in the presence of a desire, a will to be manifested in a process of individuation always aborted. Duality. The lack of limits of consciousness as an attribute of an individual, and therefore before an object is displayed on the permeability of an awareness of the others or in exchange or possession of a body by another consciousness.

Beckett offers a limited version and decanted, the vagaries of individual conceived in terms of a composite identity for itself and itself. The task proposed in the trilogy is the gradual emptying of self and identity as awareness, loosening of the accidents and the demonstration of this reality substantial remaining in operation. Being here inabolible duality consciousness / awareness world and being a transcendental consciousness Beckettian, Beckett's characters end up telling stories, and that the objective world vanishes. On his deathbed Malone replaces or reduces the most of their movements as psychological subject and replaced by fantasies:

"I shall not answer any more questions. I try not to Marshall sak Even myself any more. While waiting Shall I tell myself stories, if I can .. (Malone Dies, in Three Novels by Samuel Beckett. Grove, New York, 1965 , p.180).

In the initial situation of Molloy, the character admits his fantasies can be memories. At the end of the unnamed is announced as the hope perhaps impossible to overcome the so ingrained duality. We think the concept of identity is a bit Donoso unprecedented in terms of traditional Western (and perhaps not editable in this context). The work would be a work with a reference amphibological contemporary Chile is the author, interwoven with elements of a conception of the world is not systematized in the Western cultural sphere. This speech offers an implicit way the questioning of established notions such as self, individuality, identity, opposition consciousness / world, subject / object, and mixing different categories of orders such as social roles and ontological substance.

Thus, within the fictional representation of two ego states in an emergency, the Beckett trilogy manifests as pushed to the limit of the Western conception dualistic Donoso's novel partly as containing a process (perhaps by definition aborted) of the emergence of a self. The field of production of both works is ultimately responsible for the production of both fictional universes and the underlying world views, no matter the degree or form of mediation or homology, determination or correlation established between calls infra and superstructures. The existence of a dependency relationship between the metropolis and the colonies in Latin America since the inception of the region and the social and cultural settings that have been identified as accompanying factors of productivity in the anomalous insertion of Latin American cultural forms in the context of Western culture (universal).